Indonesia’s new president, Prabowo Subianto, is a man of controversy, resilience, and undeniable influence.

From his powerful family background and tumultuous military career to his dramatic political comeback and current presidency, Prabowo’s journey mirrors Indonesia’s own complex evolution. His leadership is now reshaping the country in ways that could mark a new era — one defined by nationalism, state power, and the pursuit of rapid growth.

A Legacy of Nationalism

Born in Jakarta on October 17, 1951, Prabowo comes from a highly influential and deeply nationalist family.

His grandfather, Raden Margono Djojohadikusumo, was a key figure in Indonesia’s early post-independence period and the founder of Bank Negara Indonesia — a symbol of economic sovereignty.

His father, Prof. Sumitro Djojohadikusumo, was a brilliant economist and a cabinet minister under both Sukarno and Suharto, known for his fierce advocacy of economic nationalism and Indonesian control over natural resources.

This heritage shaped Prabowo’s worldview. He developed a deep-rooted belief in Indonesian sovereignty, resource protection, and cultural pride — themes that would become hallmarks of his military and political messaging.

Military Career and the 1998 Controversy

Graduating from the Indonesian Military Academy (AKMIL) in 1974, Prabowo quickly rose through the ranks of the elite Kopassus special forces. He was known for his operational daring, particularly in Timor-Leste and Papua, and became commander of Kopassus in 1995.

By 1998, he held one of the most powerful positions in the armed forces as head of Kostrad, the Army Strategic Reserve Command.

But 1998 was also the year of Prabowo’s fall. As Indonesia descended into chaos during the May riots, students were abducted and several went missing. Prabowo was accused of orchestrating or participating in these abductions, which he has always denied. An internal military tribunal found he had “exceeded orders” and dismissed him from service.

Yet, this narrative is disputed by some activists and insiders. According to several testimonies, Prabowo did return abducted students alive, while other generals — allegedly following the same orders from someone with in Indonesia’s complexed situation at that time — did not.

Some believe Prabowo became a “kambing hitam” (scapegoat) for the broader institutional failures of the military during the collapse of Suharto’s regime. He was sacrificed politically to defuse public outrage.

Exile in Jordan and Return to Indonesia

Following his dismissal, Prabowo left Indonesia for Jordan, where he spent several years in voluntary exile. There, he maintained ties with Jordan’s royal family and quietly prepared for a future beyond the battlefield.

Returning in the early 2000s, he turned to business — particularly agriculture and mining — before setting his sights on politics.

The Political Comeback

Prabowo re-emerged onto Indonesia’s political stage with a populist-nationalist message. He ran for president in 2009 (as Megawati’s VP candidate), 2014, and 2019, each time positioning himself as a defender of Indonesia’s poor, natural resources, and national dignity.

Though he lost to Joko Widodo (Jokowi) in both 2014 and 2019, his influence grew — especially among military loyalists, rural voters, and conservative Muslims.

In a dramatic turn, Jokowi appointed Prabowo as Minister of Defense in 2019 — a gesture of political reconciliation that shocked many. It allowed Prabowo to repair his image, show loyalty to the nation, and build the political capital he needed for one last shot at the presidency.

The 2024 Election: Controversy Without Consequence

Prabowo won the 2024 presidential election in a landslide, with Gibran Rakabuming Raka, Jokowi’s son, as his running mate. The nomination of Gibran — enabled by a last-minute Constitutional Court ruling — sparked a wave of criticism and accusations of nepotism and manipulation of legal processes.

Opposition parties filed legal challenges, citing alleged vote rigging and misuse of state resources, but the Constitutional Court found no substantial evidence of fraud that could overturn the result.

While the court upheld the election, public debate over institutional independence and political fairness continues to smolder.

A New Style of Leadership: Efficiency Over Democracy?

Now in office, Prabowo is charting a course toward centralized, fast-track governance — drawing comparisons to China and Singapore. His early presidential style suggests a more top-down, technocratic approach, with less tolerance for bureaucratic delays or political dissent.

His administration prioritizes:

🧷 Defense modernization
🧷 Food and energy self-sufficiency
🧷 Massive infrastructure development
🧷 State-led economic nationalism

He often cites the need to “speed up national growth”, implying that democratic deliberation may slow down necessary transformation.

Critics fear this could lead to democratic backsliding, a weakening of civil liberties, and greater influence of the military in civilian affairs. Supporters, on the other hand, welcome what they see as strong, decisive leadership after years of compromise-driven politics.

Conclusion: Indonesia at a Crossroads

Prabowo Subianto’s rise from the shadows of military disgrace to the apex of political power is one of the most remarkable stories in Indonesian history. His presidency represents more than a personal redemption — it is a potential pivot point for the nation itself.

Will his nationalist, state-first vision deliver the prosperity he promises? Or will it come at the cost of the democratic freedoms Indonesia has fought hard to build?

One thing is clear: Indonesia under Prabowo will not be business as usual.